Nitrogen hydrogen azide

Nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic form more than one hydride. Nitrogen forms several but of these only ammonia, NHj, hydrazine, N2H4 and hydrogen azide N3H (and the ammonia derivative hydroxylamine) will be considered. Phosphorus and arsenic form the hydrides diphosphane P2H4 and diarsane AS2H4 respectively, but both of these hydrides are very unstable. 

Nitrogen forms more than 20 binaiy compounds with hydrogen of which ammonia (NH3, p. 420), hydrazine (N2H4, p. 427) and hydrogen azide (N3H, p. 432) are by far the most important. Hydroxylamine, NH2(OH), is closely related in structure and properties to both ammonia, NH2(H), and hydrazine, NH2(NH2) and it will be convenient to discuss this compound in the present section also (p. 431). Several protonated cationic species such as NH4+, N2H5+, etc, and deprotonated anionic species such as NH2 , N2H3 , etc. also exist but ammonium hydride, NH5, is unknown. Among... 

A different reaction takes place between an ethereal solution of the disulfide and hydrogen azide this reaction proceeds according to Eq. (15). Probably the principal step of this reaction is the spontaneous decomposition of the disulfide into nitrogen, sulfur, and... 

Rice, F. O. et al., J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, 1880-1881 This blue solid (a cyclic dimer of diazene, 93.3% of nitrogen), obtained by freezing out at — 195°C the pyrolysis products of hydrogen azide, is extremely explosive above this temperature. An explosion at — 125°C destroyed the apparatus. 

Figure 5.16 Photoactivation of a phenyl azide group with UV light results in the formation of a short-lived nitrene. Nitrenes may undergo a number of reactions, including insertion into active carbon-hydrogen or nitrogen-hydrogen bonds and addition to points of unsaturation in carbon chains. The most likely route of reaction, however, is to ring-expand to a dehydroazepine intermediate. This group is highly reactive toward nucleophiles, especially amines.

It is somewhat more difficult to see that the third nitrogen— hydrogen compound, azoic acid N3H, also has only complete octets. By the study of the solid azides, e.g. KN3, it has been shown that the... 

Vinyl azide intramolecular cycloaddition is further illustrated by the formation of azidotriazoline 32 as a minor product in the thermolysis of the bisvinyl azide 31 (Scheme 41).200 An analogy is provided by the formation of 2,5-diphenylpyrrole from the slow decomposition of a-azidostyrene.202 Pyrrole formation is interpreted in terms of cycloaddition of the azide onto the electron-rich double bond of a second molecule to give a triazoline that loses nitrogen and rearranges to a pyrroline followed by hydrogen azide elimination (Section IV,D).203... 

Suitable nitrogen nucleophiles include phthalimide or hydrogen azide subsequent hydrolysis or selective reduction makes the corresponding amines accessible. 

Hydrazine, ammonia, and hydrogen azide all contain only nitrogen and hydrogen. The mass of hydrogen that combines with 1.00 g of nitrogen for each compound is 1.44 X 10 1 g, 2.16 x 10 1 g, and 2.40 x 1CP2 g, respectively. Show how these data illustrate the law of multiple proportions. 

Each of the two lone pairs on the terminal nitrogens adopts a trigonal planar configuration, which are co-planar with each other, i.e. the molecule is flat. If this anion is now protonated, hydrogen azide is formed, HN3. Suggest a shape for this molecule. 

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