Nitrogen cycle coupling

Thornton, P. E., and Rosenbloom, N. A. (2005). Ecosystem model spin-up Estimating steady state conditions in a coupled terrestrial carbon and nitrogen cycle model. Ecol. Modelling 189, 25 18. 

Hence, the sources and sinks of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and dissolved oxygen in the ocean are intimately linked and their global cycles coupled. 

Holland E. A. and Eamarque J.-E. (1997) Bio-atmospheric coupling of the nitrogen cycle through NO, emissions and NOy deposition. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 48, 7-24. 

Hydrogeochemical cycles couple atmosphere, land, and water. The atmosphere is an important conveyor belt for many pollutants. The atmosphere reacts most sensitively to anthropogenic disturbance because it represents a much smaller reservoir than land and water furthermore, the residence times of many constituents of the atmosphere are smaller than those in the other exchange reservoirs. Water and atmosphere are interdependent systems. Many pollutants, especially precursors of acids and photooxidants, originate directly or indirectly from the combustion of fossil fuels. Hydrocarbons, carbon monoxides, and nitrogen oxides released in thermal power plants and, above all, by automobile engines can produce, under the influence of sunlight, ozone and other photooxidants. 

An alternative bacterial route from NO to N2, where NH oxidation is coupled to NOj reduction in a process called anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation), dominates N2 production in many marine environments, but, unlike classical denitrification, it does not lead to the production of N2O. Together, denitrification and anammox close the nitrogen cycle by returning N2 gas back to the atmosphere. 

These reactions reform atomic chlorine. The reaction between CIO and NO represents an important coupling between the chlorine and nitrogen cycles, and the pair of reactions (5.201) and (5.203) constitutes an important catalytic cycle which destroys odd oxygen (primarily in the upper stratosphere). 

The role of organic phosphorus in N -fixation and greenhouse gas emissions from the oceans was demonstrated by Sanudo-Wilhelmy et al. (2001). Many studies have reported that N -fixation is limited principally by the availability of iron (e.g. Falkowski, 1997), an essential coprotein for nitrogenase (Atlas and Bartha, 1993). However, Sanudo-Wilhelmy et al. (2001) recently reported that rates of N -fixation were highly correlated with the phosphorus content of a cyanobacterial colony rather than iron availability or intracellular iron content. The study of Sanudo-Wilhelmy et al. (2001) provides further evidence of the coupling of the phosphorus cycle with the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Indeed, each of... 

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