Nitrogen, carbon black formation

The principal materials being fed into the reactor are air, gas (or fuel), and the feedstock. The materials coming out of the reactor are, of course, combustion gases, carbon black, water, and the nitrogen which comes into the reactor in the air and passes through unchanged. The question we have then is how is the feedstock converted to carbon black What are the reactions that occur, where do they occur, and under what variables, what are the reactor rates, and what are the mechanisms of carbon black formation What are the key variables in the system relative to controlling particle size, surface area, and structure ... 

There is a strong fixation of ammonia at higher temperatures. Hofmann and Ohlerich 28) found that the fixed ammonia was resistant to hydrolysis and that it formed no salts with hydrochloric acid as would be expected of amino groups. The formation of amides was not excluded. Studebaker 86) investigated the reaction of carbon blacks with ammonia. He observed also that the nitrogen became completely unreactive after heating, towards acids as well as towards alkali. 

Offshore neritic formations in the Paleozoic rock sequence probably include, on faunal and lithologic grounds, the Lower Ordovician Beekmantown dolomites, Middle Ordovician limestones, and Devonian Marcellus and Burket black shales (Table III). The first two are characterized by 0.1-0.4% organic carbons, very low organic nitrogen, and about 20 p.p.m. hydrocarbons but no carbohydrate residues. The Devonian offshore neritic black shales by contrast... 

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