Neuroleptic-induced akathisia , treatment

Unlabeled Uses Treatment of arrhythmias, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Ml, mitral valve prolapse syndrome, neuroleptic-induced akathisia, pheochromocytoma, tremors, thyrotoxicosis, vascular headaches... 

Kramer MS, Gorkin RA, Johnson C, et al. Propranolol in the treatment of neuroleptic-induced akathisia(nia) in schizophrenics a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Biopsychiatry 1988 24 823-827. 

Adler L, Angrist B, Peselow E, et al. A controlled assessment of propranolol in the treatment of neuroleptic-induced akathisia. Br J Psychiatry 1986 149 42-45. 

The capacity for SSRIs to induce akathisia—and for akathisia to cause suicidality, aggression, and a worsening mental condition—is also recognized in the DSM-IV and the DSM-IV-TR in the section dealing with neuroleptic-induced akathisia. The DSM-IV-TR observes, Akathisia may be associated with dysphoria, irritability, aggression, or suicide attempts. It also mentions worsening of psychotic symptoms or behavioral dyscontrol. It then states, Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor antidepressant medications may produce akathisia that appears identical in phenomenology and treatment response to Neuroleptic-Induced Acute Akathisia (p. 801). 

Weiss D, Aizenberg D, Hermesh H, Zemishlany Z, Munitz H, Radwan M, Weizman A. Cyproheptadine treatment in neuroleptic-induced akathisia. Br J Psychiatry 1995 167(4) 483-6. 

Poyurovsky M, Fuchs C, Weizman A. Low-dose mianserin in treatment of acute neuroleptic-induced akathisia. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1998 18(3) 253-4. 

Levine J, Chengappa KN. Second thoughts about clozapine as a treatment for neuroleptic-induced akathisia. J Qm Psychiatry 1998 59(4) 195. 

Stryjer R, Strous RD, Bar F et al. Treatment of neuroleptics induced akathisia with the... 

Gagrat D, Hamilton J, Belmaker RH. Intravenous diazepam in the treatment of neuroleptic-induced acute dystonia and akathisia. Am J Psychiatry 1978 135 1232-1233. 

Spivak B, Mester R, Abesgaus J, Wittenberg N, Adlersberg S, Gonen N, Weizman A. Clozapine treatment for neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, chrome akathisia in schizophrenic patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1997 58(7) 318-22. 

A therapeutic role for nefazodone 100 mg bd has been suggested in the treatment of neuroleptic drug-induced extrapyramidal signs, based on the results of a placebo-controlled, randomized study in 49 patients (197). There were no differences in akathisia or tardive dyskinesia between the two groups. However it should be noted that nefazodone has been withdrawn in most countries owing to the risk of severe liver damage. 

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