Network thermodynamics with bond graph methodology

In order to define the governing equations, the bond graph method identifies the cause (force) and effect (flow) relation for the energy exchange. This model can be modified easily to account for changes in the system or its environmental perturbations. Initial and boundary conditions can be related to one another within the formulations. 

Network thermodynamics can be used in the linear and nonlinear regions of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, and has the flexibility to deal with complex systems in which the transport and reactions occur simultaneously. The results of nonequilibrium thermodynamics based on Onsager s work can be interpreted and extended to describe coupled, nonlinear systems in biology and chemistry. 

The bond graph method defines the structure and constitutive equations of the system. Standard bond graph elements are used to build a model of the structure of the system. Suitable computer programs are available to generate the governing equations, and alternative methods have also been developed for deriving equivalent block diagrams, which can represent nonlinear systems. 

For such a system, the dissipation function and accompanying linear phenomenological equations are given by 

The flow into the membrane is supplied by reservoir i with a chemical capacity () 

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Network thermodynamics with bond graph methodology... 

NETWORK THERMODYNAMICS WITH BOND GRAPH METHODOLOGY... 

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