Hyperbilirubinaemia, neonatal

Neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia, where the newborn s liver is not able to properly conjugate the bilirubin... 

Rubaltelli FF, Griffith PE. Management of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and prevention of kernicterus. Drugs 1992 43 64-72. 

Rubaltelli FF. Current drug treatment options in neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and the prevention of kernicterus. Drugs 1998 56 23-30. 

HpD has been used to treat a variety of tumours and bladder cancers, breast cancers, and certain ocular cancers. Just as bilirubin photosensitises the production of singlet oxygen to bring about its own destruction in the photodynamic treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia (see Chapter 6), so components of HpD also produce singlet oxygen. And because the HpD tends to localise in tumour cells, so photosensitisation leads to then-destruction. 

Jahnke, G.D., C.J. Price, M.C. Marr, C.B. Myers, and J.D. George. 2006. Developmental toxicity evaluation of berberine in rats and mice. Birth Defects Res. B Dev. Reprod. Toxicol. 77(3) 195-206. Kaplan, M., and C. Hammerman. 2002. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency A potential source of severe neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia and kernicterus. Semin. Neonatol. 7 121-128. Kowalewski, Z., A. Mrozikiewicz, T. Bobkiewicz, K. Drost, and B. Hladon. 1975. Studies of toxicity of berberine sulfate. Acta Pol. Plmrmaceut. 32(1) 113-120. 

Biliary tract Maternal and neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia A study assessed 51 women (28 of whom were on ATV), and although there were no significant differences between liver function tests and direct bilirubin there was a statistically significant grade 3 or 4 elevation in serum indirect bilirubin among women on ATV. Three neonates required phototherapy (two of which were full-term, and one at 31 weeks of estimated gestational age), all of them bom to mothers on ATV [280 ]. 

Necheles, T.F., Rai, U.S., Valaes, T., 1976. The role of haemolysis in neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia as reflected in carboxyhaemoglobin levels. Acta... 

Tab. 12.4 Functional, partly neonatal, partly connatal-hereditary hyperbilirubinaemias...

Plasma albumin concentration is decreased in the presence of hepatic cirrhosis, liver abscess, acute pancreatitis, gastrointestinal disease, the nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal failure. Hypoalbuminaemia is a characteristic of neonatal animals, apart from foals, whereas the plasma concentration of cq-acid glycoprotein is markedly elevated in newborn piglets. Hyperbilirubinaemia could further decrease the albumin binding capacity of acidic drugs and some basic drugs in neonatal animals. 

Increased bilirubin production caused by haemolysis gives a predominantly unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia. This is commonly encountered in babies. A rapidly rising bilirubin in a neonate should be carefully monitored. If the concentration approaches 200 (.unol/1, phototherapy should be used to break down the molecule and reduce the level. If the concentration ri.ses above 300 jmol/l, exchange transfusion may be necessary. 

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