Narcan - Naloxone

Naloxone (Narcan). Naloxone, like naltrexone, is a potent opioid receptor blocker. Its primary use has been to reverse opiate toxicity after an overdose. However, some physicians have found it is also useful for a process known as rapid opiate detoxification. Although opiate withdrawal is not life threatening, it can be extremely unpleasant. Most opiate addicts are fearful of the withdrawal symptoms therefore, it usually requires a slow, deliberate detoxification to keep the withdrawal symptoms in check. Rapid opiate detoxification is an alternative approach that keeps the taper and detoxification as brief as possible. In this approach, naloxone is used in conjunction with general anesthesia or a nonopiate sedative such as the benzodiazepine mid-... 

As a Schedule II opioid narcotic, meperidine is highly addictive. Treatment for opioid overdose usually involves administration of an opioid antagonist such as Narcan (naloxone), which reverses or blocks the effects of the drug. However, in some cases, those who overdose on meperidine do not respond well to opioid antagonists. 

Patients who are acutely intoxicated with an opioid usually present with miosis, euphoria, slow breathing and slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and constipation. Seizures may occur with certain agents such as meperidine (Demerol ). It is critically important to monitor patients carefully to avoid cardiac/ respiratory depression and death from an excessive dose of opioids. One strategy is to reverse the intoxication by utilizing naloxone (Narcan ) 0.4 to 2 mg IV every 2 to 3 minutes up to 10 mg. Alternatively, the IM/SC route may be used if IV access is not available. Because naloxone is shorter-acting than most abused opioids, it may need to be readministered at periodic intervals otherwise the patient could lapse into cardiopulmonary arrest after a symptom-free interval of reversed... 

Naloxone (Narcan) Narcotic Antagonist Inj 0.4,1 mg/mL 0.4-2 mg IV can precipitate acute withdrawal in addicts... 

Slows intestinal motihty Dose Adul. Initial 4 mg PO, then 2 mg aftCT each loose stool, up to 16 mg/d Feds. 2—5 y, 13—20 kg 1 mg PO tid 6-8 y, 20—30 kg 2 mg PO bid 8-12 y, >30 kg 2 mg PO tid Caution [B, +] Not for acute D caused by Salmonella sp, Shigella sp, or C. difficile Contra Pseudomembranous colitis, bloody D Disp Caps, tabs, Liq SE Constipation, sedation, dizziness Interactions t Effects W/ antihistamines, CNS depressants, phenothiazines, TCAs, EtOH EMS Use caution w/ narcotics, may T risk of constipation related to opioids OD May cause constipation and CNS depression activated charcoal may be effective, naloxone (Narcan) may be effective... 

Because of its fast onset (minutes), naloxone (Narcan) administered IV is used most frequently for the reversal of opioid overdose. However, it fails to block some side effects of the opioids that are mediated by the ct-receptor, such as hallucinations. The rapid offset of naloxone makes it necessary to administer the drug repeatedly until the opioid agonist has cleared the system to prevent relapse into overdose. The half-life of naloxone in plasma is 1 hour. It is rapidly metabolized via... 

Parenteral 0.1, 1 mg/mLfor injection Naloxone (Narcan, various)... 

Naloxone hydrochloride hydrate (Narcan, l-A-allyl-7,8-dihydro-14-hydroxynormorphinone hydrochloride) [51481-60-8] M 399.9, m 200-205°, [aJo -164° (c 2.5, H2O). This opiate antagonist has been recrystd from EtOH + Et2O. or H2O. It is soluble in H2O (5%) and EtOH but insoluble in Et2O. The free base has m 184° (177-178°) after recrystn from EtOAc, [a] -194.5° (c 0.93, CHCI3). [Olofson et al. TET LETT 1567 1977 Gold et al. Medicinal Research Reviews 2 211 7982]. 

Side-effects Naloxone induces mainly mild and non- Trade name Narcanti (Ger, specific side-effects. Higher doses may induce nausea Austral,Narcan (F> UK and vomiting and in rare cases a reduction of the seizure ... 

Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12) Naloxone (Narcan) Pralidoxime (2-PAM, Protopam)... 

The narcotic antagonists are naltrexone and naloxone (Narcan). Dextromethorphan (Romilar) is used as an antitussive preparation. Apomorphine is used as an emetic agent. 

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