Naphthalene-l,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride

A new quality in ladder polymer synthesis via multifunctional polycondensation was reached in the late 1960s when poly(benzimidazobenzo-phenanthroline) (BBL) 12 was prepared by Arnold and van Deusen [21 -24]. The polymer was synthesized from naphthalene-l,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (11) and 1,2,4,5-tetraaminobenzene (la) in strong acidic media (polyphosphoric acid, sulfuric acid). BBL is completely soluble in concentratal sulfuric acid or methanesulfonic add and is processible into durable films and... 

In contrast, polynaphthoylenebenziniidazote based on 2,2-bis(3,4-diaminophenyl) hexafluoropropane are soluble not only in H2SO4, m-cresol and a tetrachloroethane-phenol mixture (3 1) (this is characteristic for polymers derived from bis(o-phenylenediamine) and naphthalene-l,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride [183, 184]) but also in N-MP (N-methylpyrolidane). An enhanced solubility of polynaphthoyleiKbenzimidazoles of this series is explained not only by the introduction of a hinge group between naphthalic anhydride moieties, but also by low viscosity characteristics of the systems caused by low basicity of 2,2-bis(3,4-diaminophenyl)hexafluoropropane [185],... 

Naphthalene-l, 4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride 118, 137, 138, 140, 146, 147 2,6-Naphthalenedicarboxylic acid 196 Nonlinear optical polymers 36... 

Another class of polyimides that are characterised by a higher chain flexibility, when compared to PPI, are based on naphthalene-l,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (DNTA). These polymers are of considerable interest due to their high heat resistance and thermal stability and due to easy accessibility of the starting monomers. DNTA is a widely available dianhydride showing the highest electrophilic reactivity among bisfnaphthalene-tetracarboxylic anhydrides [18, 19]. 

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