Nanostructured coatings on advanced carbon materials

Kuznetsov V.I. and Butenko Yu.V. (2003) Synthesis and properties of nanostructured carbon materials nano-diamond, onion-like carbon and carbon nanotubes. In Proceedings of NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nanostructured Materials and Coatings for Biomedical and Sensor Applications , 4-8 August 2002. Eds. Gogotsi Y.G. and Uvarova I.V. V. 102, IOS Press, p. 187-202. 

The inherent flexibility of the phosphazene structure leads to the development of advanced materials. A significant amount of work has been published using functionalized cyclotriphosphazenes to yield cyclomatrix-type polymers that have been fashioned into nanoparticles and other nanostructures. Papers have been previously published based on the chemistry of 4,4 -sulfonyldiphenol substituted cyclotriphosphazene (49). An idealized structure is shown. Typically, formation of the substituted trimer yields cross-links between trimer rings through the activity of the terminal hydroxyls. Techniques have been developed to control the polymerization of the these materials forming nanotubes, nanoparticles, and coatings for multi-walled carbon nanotubes, as shown below. 

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