Nano-nucleation SAXS

This section describes two case studies by synchrotron radiation [16,17], The first is the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) observation of nano-nucleation of polyethylene (PE). The second is the t revolution off(N,t). 

We observe nano-nucleation directly by adding nucleating agent (NA) to a sample by which the SAXS intensity Ix(q, t) from the nano-nuclei increases as much as lO" times, where q is the scattering vector [18,19]. At the same time, we determine the correct y(A/, r) and the 2D shape of the nano-nucleus. In addition, obtaining the AT dependence of f N, t) directly by SAXS shows that nucleation controls the induction period of crystallization, while spinodal decomposition does not [20]. 

The use of SAXS to clarify a real and exact image of nano-nucleation is not easy, unlike the use of OM, which is both easier and practical. Classical nucleation (CN) studies generally assume that OM can detect the most essential process in nucleation as the zero-th approximation. Suggesting instead that the most essential process in nucleation should be the critical nano-nucleation... 

Sections 4.1 and 4.2 introduced nucleation by reviewing CNT. Section 4.3 discussed observation of nano-nucleation by means of SAXS.The correct size distribution f(N, t) and 2D shape (kinetic parameters) of a nano-nucleus are obtained simultaneously by analyzing SAXS intensity Ix(q, t) using the extended Guinier plot method. f N, t) is shown to decrease with the increase of N for each t. f(N, i) increases with the increase of t and saturates for each N. With the increase of t,f(N, t)... 

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