NADPH oxidase with mutations

Sundaiesan et al, 1996). The activation of one type of RAS protein (called RAC protein) provokes the activation of NADPH oxidase. NADPH oxidase, in him, catalyzes the formation of superoxide. Superoxide, in turn, is converted to HCK)H. increased levels of HOOH in the cell then react with specific pioteins in the cell, causing the activation of various transcription factors. Mutations in RAS that result in the conshtutive activation of RAS also result in the continual elevated production of superoxide. The discovery of RAC protein, and its apparent requirement for toxic oxygen in its sig nalmg pathway, represents a new avenue in the complex map of toxic oxygen, cell growth, DNA damage, and cancer... 

About 300 individual compounds with antimutagenic properties are known. The frequency of mutations can be reduced by some amino acids (arginine, histidine, methionine, cysteamine etc ), vitamins and provitamins (a-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, retinol, p-carotene, phylloquinone, folic acid), enzymes (peroxidase, NADPH oxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase), complex compounds of plant and animal origin, chemical substances with antioxidant properties (derivatives of gallic acid, ionol, oxypyridines, selenium salts and others). 

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