Mutation double

Fig. 9. Mutagenesis by a synthetic oligonucleotide of a cloned sequence available in single-stranded form (a) single-stranded M13 template containing uracil (U) residues (b) double-stranded product, uracil residues are not mutagenic (c) strong selection for M13 phages containing mutation of interest (23).

Thus, the standard state concentration cancels from these double free energy differences. The calculation can be done by mutating L to L (or R to R ) both in the complex and in solution (horizontal legs of Fig. la). 

Lu et al. 2007 Tomei et al. 2003, 2004). It remains to be investigated whether the resistance level of these variants with single or double amino acid changes can be further increased by selecting additional mutations. 

Although the initial change may not occur in the template strand of the double-stranded DNA molecule for that gene, after repfication, daughter DNA molecules with mutations in the template strand will segregate and appear in the population of organisms. 

Figure 6 Model structure of CHMO. The FAD cofactor is shown as sticks. Mutations observed in a directed evolution study resulting in altered enantioselectivities are highlighted (spheres). " Note that a number of mutations were found in double/triple mutants and cannot be linked with certainty to the altered catalytic properties. Mutations in double/triple mutants that are on the...

Wright S. D., Michaelides K., Johnson D. J. D., West N. C., Tuddenham E. G. D. Double heterozygosity for mutations in the platelet glycoprotein IX gene in threee siblings with Bemard-Soulier syndrome. Blood 1993 81,2339-47. 

Krek, W and Nigg, E. A. (1991b). Mutations of p34c 2 phosphorylation sites induce premature mitotic events in HeLa cells evience for a double block to p34c 2 kinase activation in vertebrates. EMBO J. 10 3331-3341. 

Gleeson JG, Allen KM, Fox JW et al 1998 doublecortin, a brain-specific gene mutated in human X-linked lissencephaly and double cortex syndrome, encodes a putative signaling protein. Cell 92 63-72... 

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