Multistage Agitated Tanks

The inlet and outlet should be located at opposite ends of the mixing tank for best plug flow conditions. Several models are available in the literature for predicting backmixing and can be used to evaluate reactor performance. The 

In multiphase reacting and nonreacting systems such as liquid-liquid and gas-liquid, very small openings of 1 to 2% of cross-sectional area may be required for high mass transfer. Small openings also minimize bypassing of the dispersed phase. 

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Agitated tank crystallizer for continuous and discontinuous operation, crystallizer with forced suspension circulation, horizontal crystallizer and multistage, crystallizer with agitator and controlled flow (DTB), vortex crystallizer according to Standard-MESSO. 

In sparged agitated tanks, a considerable increase in interfacial area occurs and overall gas-liquid mass transfer is considerably higher. Many correlations indicate that the overall mass transfer increases approximately as volumetric rate to the 1/2 power. Studies of nonelectroljdic solutions as well as electrolytic solutions have been performed (78). Correlations are published for the critical agitation speed for impeller flooding (79). Correlations for multistage stirred tanks are also available. 

Pan crystallizer with heat exchanger, tank crystallizer with heated jacket or internal heat exchangers and agitator, evaporator with natural or forced circulation agitator, single or multistage units, thin-film evaporator, evaporator with submerged burner. 

The autoclave reactor is a single or a multiple stage continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), as shown in Figures 4.2 and 4.3, with its characteristic residence time distribution. The different reaction zones can be isolated by means of proper baffles at the agitator itself. The number of zones in a multistage autoclave varies between... 

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