Multiple scan average dose

The unit of kerma is Jkg with the special name of gray (Gy) 1 Gy = 1 Jkg. Multiple scan average dose ... 

Multiple scan average dose (MSAD) is a term used in computed tomography... 

To compare exposure between different CT protocols, one can use the absorbed dose, usually reported as the CT dose index (CTDI) in mGy. This concept was introduced by Jucius and Kambic to predict the multiple slice average dose at the center of a set of axial scans [35], The product of the CTDI j and the z-axis coverage for the particular scan then yields the dose-length product (DLP), where CTDI j is the average dose in the standard head CT dosimetry phantom [36, 37],... 

The primary ion gun was operated at 5 kV at a current of 5 x 10 A, as measured using picoam-meter attached to a probe with an electron collector instead of a sample. Samples were irradiated for 0.9 s/scan, and 10 scans were collected and averaged. Depending on the persistence of the secondary ion signal, multiple experiments might be performed, but in all instances, the total primary ion dose to which the sample was exposed was 1 X 10 ions/cm, which is less than the commonly accepted static SIMS limit [11]. 

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