Multijoint dynamics

From the joint moments, multijoint dynamics can be used to compute the accelerations, velocities, and angles for each joint of interest. Cta the feedback side, the neural command is influenced by muscle length (via muscle spindles) and tendon force (via (jolgi tendon organs). Many other sensory organs play a role in this as well, but these two are generally the most influential. 

Physical motion is common to most situations in which the human functions and is therefore fundamental to the analysis of performance. Parameters such as segment position, orientation, velocity, and acceleration are derived using kinematic or dynamic analysis or both. This approach is equally appropriate for operations on a single joint system or linked multibody systems, such as is typically required for human analysis. Depending on the desired output, foreword (direct) or inverse analysis may be employed to obtain the parameters of interest. For example, inverse dynamic analysis can provide joint torque, given motion and force data while foreword (direct) dynamic analysis uses joint torque to derive motion. Especially for three-dimensional analyses of multijoint systems, the methods are quite complex and are presently a focal point for computer implementation [Allard et al., 1994]. 

R. F. Beer, J. P. Dewald, and W. Z. Rymer (2000), Deficits in the coordination of multijoint arm movements in patients with hemiparesis Evidence for disturbed control of limb dynamics. Experimental Brain Research 131 305-319. 

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