Multi-analyte platforms

These multi-analyte platforms (e.g., Luminex) consist of a benchtop flow cytometer/analyzer for the detection of cytokines captured onto microspheres ( beads ) with unique fluorescent intensities. The beads are covalently coupled to cytokine-specific antibodies so that cytokines present in biological fluids can be captured when mixed with the desired assortment of cytokine-specific beads. Detection antibodies carry the reporter molecule, phycoerythrin (PE), so that fluorescent signal is proportional to the amount of cytokine present in... 

We have demonstrated an extremely sensitive sensor platform for groundwater monitoring. The sensitivity of the cantilever sensor depends on cantilever dimension, while the selectivity depends on die selectivity of the surface coating for chemical interactions. Research is underway to develop cantilever arrays for simultaneous multi-analyte detection. The primary advantages of the microcantilever method are (1) the sensitivity of microcantilevers based on their ability to detect cantilever motion with subnanometer precision (2) their ability to be fiibricated into multi-element sensor arrays and (3) their ability to work in a liquid environment. 

Flow-based analytical procedures are already used in many fields, e.g., environment, food and health. In tandem with the developments described above, flow analysers will also be used in new and emerging fields of application such as the "omics" (metallomics, genomics and proteomics), biotechnology (enzymatic assays, platforms for bio-sensors and flow immunoassays) and quality-control applications in general. Economic resources will also be a driver for more multi-parametric flow-based methods, particularly with spectrophotometric detection. 

M.L., Rodriguez, M.C., Ferreyra, N.F., Rubianes, M.D., Bollo, S., and Rivas, G.A. (2013) Comparative study of the electrochemical behavior and analytical applications of (bio)sensing platforms based on the use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes dispersed in different polymers. Anal Chim. Acta, 805, 19-35. 

Crevillen, A.G., Pumera, M., Gonzalez, M.C., and Escarpa, A. (2009) Towards lab-on-a-chip approaches in real analytical domains base on microfluidic chips/ electrochemical multi-walled carbon nanotube platforms. Lab Chip, 9, 346-353. 

Maia et al. [332] eliminated interferences in the direct determination of Hg in powdered coal samples by means of analyte transfer during the pyrolysis step from the platform to a graphite tube wall. This graphite tube was permanently modified with Pd, and detection limits in the range of 0.025-0.05 pg/g were obtained. In simultaneous multi-element determinations of Cu, Cr, Al, and Mn in urine, Pd was also very successfully used as a matrix modifier [333]. The use of Pd as a modifier, and also in combination with dynamic background correction techniques such as the Smith-Hieftje technique (see Section 4.6.3), enables a considerable enhancement of the analytical accuracy of AAS, as shown in the case of As determinations [334]. 

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