Movement in plants

Darwin, C., Darwin, F. The power of movements in plants. New York Appleton-Century 1881... 

These cells reabsorb water during urine formation, a process for which water movement across membranes is essential (Box 11-3). The plant Arabidopsis thaliana has 38 genes that encode various types of aquaporins, reflecting the critical roles of water movement in plant physiology. Changes in turgor pressure, for example, require rapid movement of water across a membrane. 

Darwin, C. Darwin, F. (1881). The Power of Movement in Plants. D. Appleton-Century, New York. 

Grayson, B.T., Kleiser, D.A. (1990) Phloem mobility of xenobiotics. IV. Modeling of pesticide movement in plants. Pestic. Sci. 30, 67-79. 

The movement of water and nutrients from the soil to the upper portions of a plant occurs primarily in the xylem. The xylem sap usually contains about 10 mol m-3 (10 mM)2 inorganic nutrients plus organic forms of nitrogen that are metabolically produced in the root. The xylem is a tissue of various cell types that we will consider in more detail in the final chapter (Section 9.4B,D), when water movement in plants is discussed quantitatively. The conducting cells in the xylem are the narrow, elongated tracheids and the vessel members (also called vessel elements), which tend to be shorter and wider than the tracheids. Vessel members are joined end-to-end in long... 

Charles Darwin published The Power of Movement in Plants" studied plant movement relative to light and growth regulating substances in plants. 

Blatt, M.R., 2000, Cellular signaling and volume control in stomatal movements in plants. Anna. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 16 221-241. 

Not enough is known about the mechanism of action of these macromolecules. They commonly appear to act by interfering with water movement in plant tissues due to mechanical plugging of the vessels which leads to wilt symptoms. The phenomenon could well be related to molecule size and viscosity rather than to their structure [84], though some results on host specificity [89] and on viscosity interference [90] would suggest a possible different behaviour in some cases. 

Uptake of chlorfenapyr is mainly by ingestion and secondarily by contact. Owing to its unique mode of action, chlorfenapyr controls pests resistant to other insecticide chemical classes and no instances of target site cross-resistance have been observed. It exhibits good translaminar movement in plants but very limited systemicity. 

Two ways of water transport in a plant have been recognized apoplasmic and symplasmic (Figure 32.4). It is generally agreed that the cell walls provide the major pathway of water movement in plant material. The ratio of volume flows in the apoplasmic and symplasmic (vacuole-to-vacuole) pathways is of the order of 50 1 in leaf tissue [1]. For the root cortex, the ratio is lower. 

Certain gallic acid glycosides such as K-PLMF 1 (67) (turgorins) are involved in turgor movement in plants and... 

Darwin C, Darwin F (1880) The power of movement in plants. John Murray, London Davey JE, van Staden J (1978) Cytokinin activity in Lupinus albus. II. Distribution in fruiting plants. Physiol Plant 43 82-86... 

It was Charles Darwin, well known for his theory of evolution, who established the science of plant movement and enthusiastically studied plant movement in his later years. In 1880, Darwin published a seminal book entitled The Power of Movement in Plants (Darwin, 1880), based on experiments performed on more than 300 different kinds of plants, including nyctinastic species. This classic book is still cited in relevant papers today. However, despite the advances that have been made in the interim, it has proven... 

Ueda, M., Shigemori, H., Sata, N. Yamamura, S. (2000a). The diversity of chemical substances controlling the nyctinastic leaf-movement in plants. Phytochemistry, 53, 39-44. 

---