Morpholine book paper

Table IV. Effect of Morpholine Treatment Tear Strength of Book Paper on...

B.F. Walker, Morpholine Deacidification of Whole Books in Preservation of Paper and Textiles of Historic and Artistic Value (J.C. Williams, ed.), 1977, pp. 72-87. 

Overall, it is believed that these occasional changes are to be expected in a process of this type they imply that the books to be deacidi-fied should be selected when neutralization and life extension of the paper are the primary objectives and minor appearance changes can be tolerated. All deacidification processes demand that the conservator exercise a degree of judgement, and the morpholine process is no exception. 

A much more recent development is the morpholine process in which fifty books per hour are treated in an evacuated chamber with morpholine-water vapor (12). In its present form, it was effective on 95% of the papers treated, prolonging their life on average by a factor of 4-5 (Figure 7). Though it does not leave a titratable alkaline reserve in the paper, acid papers treated in this manner aged in the presence of 5 ppm S02 at 75 °C and 60% relative humidity deteriorate more slowly than if untreated. Recent tests of twenty treated books at the Library of Congress show that their pH has not declined in two years. The equipment for the process was set up in the Virginia State Library where 35,000 books were treated in the first seven months of operation. 

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