Olympic Stadium Montreal

Superplasticizers have been used successfully to achieve savings in concrete consolidation in heavily reinforced precast concrete sections, e.g. the high-quality finish required for the precast tube elements (carrying the mechanical and electrical services) used in the construction of the Montreal Olympic Stadium was achieved through the use of a superplasticizer. Fig. 7.41 shows the high density of steel reinforcement used in these structures. 

Fig. 7.41 General view of the high-density steel reinforcement used in the tube element of the Olympic Stadium in Montreal, Canada (courtesy SKW, Trostberg, Germany).

Following the use of Monsanto s woven PP Astro Turf at the Montreal Olympics in 1976, artificial surfaces have been accepted at World Championships level in hockey. Cricket is often considered a traditional and conservative game, but in fact a great many synthetic surfaces are now used. The acceptance of synthetic surfaces in soccer has been somewhat slower. The first synthetic pitch installed inside a stadium in England was by Queen s Park Rangers who used a PP omniturf surface. This was made of tufted PP rather than woven or knitted, with a pile of about 20 mm. Once laid, graded sand was spread into the carpet to within 1-2 mm of the surface to completely fill the pile. 

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