Monooxygenases carbamate metabolism

Resistance mechanisms associated with changes in toxicokinetics are predominately cases of enhanced metabolic detoxication. With readily biodegradable insecticides such as pyrethroids and carbamates, enhanced detoxication by P450-based monooxygenase is a common resistance mechanism (see Table 4.3). 

The carbamate insecticide aldicarb (Figure 2.13) that exerts its effect by inactivating acetylcholinesterase is metabolized by a flavin monooxygenase from rainbow trout to the sulfoxide, which is a more effective inhibitor (Schlenk and Buhler 1991). 

Fumes B, Schlenk D. Extrahepatic metabolism of carbamate and organophosphate thioether compounds by the flavin-containing monooxygenase and cytochrome P450 systems. Drug Metab Dispos 2005 33 214—218. 

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