Molecular rearrangements anion-induced rearrangements

It has been shown that microwave irradiation speeds up the benzil-benzilic acid rearrangement and increases the yield of product. Spiro ketones of the type (223) have been found to be susceptible to nucleophilic-induced retro-Claisen condensations. These have led to molecular rearrangements that destroy spiro connectivity see Scheme 55. The rearrangements of radical anions derived from aliphatic ketones have been studied using electrochemical techniques. A model system has been unveiled in which nucleophilic catalysis of amide isomerization is characterized for... 

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