Molecular light-driven

Baranoff E, Barigelletti F, Bonnet S, Collin J-P, Flamigni L, Mobian P, Sauvage J-P (2007) From Photoinduced Charge Separation to Light-Driven Molecular Machines. 123 41-78 Barbara B, see Curely J (2006) 122 207-250... 

Zhang C, Du MH, Cheng HP, Zhang XG, Roitberg AE, Krause JL (2004) Coherent electron transport through an azobenzene molecule a light-driven molecular switch. Phys Rev Lett 92(15) 158301... 

N. Koumura, R. W. J. Zijlstra, R, A van Delden, N. Harada, B. L Feringa, Light-driven Monodirectional Molecular Rotor , Nature 1999, 401,152-155. 

P. R. Ashton, R. Ballardini, V. Balzani, E. C. Constable, A. Credi, O. Kocian, S. J. Langford, J. A. Preece, L. Prodi, E. R. Schofield, N. Spencer, J. E Stoddart, S. Wenger, Ru(II)-Polypyridine Complexes Covalently Linked to Electron Acceptors as Wires for Light-Driven Pseudorotaxane-Type Molecular Machines , Chem. Eur. J. 1998, 4, 2411-2422. 

These significant findings form the basis of a set of design principles for the construction of molecular photovoltaic cells and other nanoscale electronic devices in which the control of both the rate and directionality of ET processes is an essential requirement. The successful construction of an artificial light-driven proton pump, based on principles of long-range ET processes illustrates the promise of this approach.1501... 

Gratzel, M. (1982) Artificial photosynthesis, light-driven electron transfer processes in organized molecular assemblies and colloidal semiconductors. Pure. Appl. Chem, 54, 2369-82. 

A. Kazaryan, Z. G. Lan, L. V. Schafer, M. Filatov, and W. Thiel. Surface hopping excited-state dynamics study of the photoisomerization of a light-driven fluorene molecular rotary motor, J. Chem. Theory Comput., 1 2189-2199 (2011). 

Overcrowded alkenes have captured the interests of chemists for many years. Unidirectional light-driven molecular motors reported by Feringa and coworkers are based on overcrowded alkenes.53 Recently, this group has described a three-state... 

PS II reduces plastoquinone (PQ) at the acceptor side, the required electrons are withdrawn from water leading to release of molecular oxygen and protons on the inside of the membrane. Conceptually, the complex can be divided into 2 parts, the photochemical one with the light-driven electron-transport chain, and the catalytic one, which is responsible for water oxidation. 

Light-driven electron transfer in plant chloroplasts during photosynthesis is accomplished by multienzyme systems in the thylakoid membrane. Our current picture of photosynthetic mechanisms is a composite, drawn from studies of plant chloroplasts and a variety of bacteria and algae. Determination of the molecular structures of bacterial photosynthetic complexes (by x-ray crystallography) has given us a much improved understanding of the molecular events in photosynthesis in general. 

SCHEME 19 A LIGHT-DRIVEN MOLECULAR SHUTTLE WITH WHICH MOLECULAR MOTIONS CAN BE INDUCED BY... 

In this rotaxane, a-CD exists at the trans-azobenzene part but it moves to the methylene part when the trans-azobenzene unit is converted into cts-azoben-zene. This light-driven locational change was regarded as a molecular shuttle system. 

A. DelMedico, S. S. Fielder, A. B. P. Lever, and W. J. Pietro, Inorg. Chem., 34, 1507 (1995). Rational Design of a Light-Driven Molecular Switch Incorporating an Alizarin-Ru(bpy)2 Fragment. 

The term photochromism can be defined as a light-driven reversible transformation between two isomers possessing different absorption spectra.111,21 The two isomers differ from one another not only in their absorption spectra, but also in their geometrical structures, oxidation/reduction potentials, refractive indices, and dielectric constants. When such photochromic chromophores are incorporated into functional molecules, such as polymers, host molecules, conductive molecular wires, or liquid crystals, the functions can be switched by photoirradiation.[3 61 Photostimulated reversible changes in refractive index can also be applied to optical waveguide switching.171 This chapter reviews applications of photochromic chromophores, especially diar-ylethene derivatives, in various photo switching molecular systems. 

Scheme 8 Light-driven multimode molecular switching of the electron transfer active dihydroazulene 31a.

Scheme 23 Light-driven unidirectional molecular rotor 35.

Fig. 11 CD spectra of the four stages of switching of the light-driven molecular rotor.

Light-driven unidirectional molecular rotary motors based on photoisomerization around a C=C bond51 have been successfully immobilized on nanoparticle gold surfaces by two thiol-functionalized legs to yield an azimuthal rotary motor (compound 1 in Fig. 17.2).52 Repetitive and unidirectional 360-degree rotary motion of the rotor moiety with respect to the surface-immobilized stator part was observed to occur on... 

Figure 17.2 A light-driven molecular azimuthal rotary motor immobilized on a nanoparticle gold surface.52 (Reprinted with permission from V. Balzani et al., ChemPhysChem 2008,9, 202-220. Copyright Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA.)...

The light-driven dethreading of a pseudorotaxane whose thread component is immobilized on the surface of a silica sol-gel film was investigated.94 A molecular triad for photoinduced charge separation was attached to a gold electrode and used to drive the dethreading of a pseudorotaxane in a photoelectrochemical setup.95... 

From Photoinduced Charge Separation to Light-driven Molecular Machines... 

Ruthenium-based Light-driven Molecular Machine Prototypes. 64... 

Keywords Catenane Ir/Ru Light-driven molecular machine Photoinduced Charge Separation Rotaxane Scorpionate... 

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