Modulus synergism

The addition of carbon black to ABS improves its hardness, modulus of rigidity, heat deflection temperature, and ultraviolet stability but reduces its ultimate strength, particularly its impact strength recent surface treatment techniques might alleviate this. Theoretically it could con-ribute to flame retardance, but this would require further studies of its synergism. 

The co-continuity contributes to synergism of properties, e.g., advantageous combination of high modulus and high impact strength in commercial blends. Two expressions for predicting the phase inversion concentration from the viscosity ratio were proposed ... 

In addition to the composite-like morphology of the PpClS/PPO blends, these incompatible blends exhibit no blend densification in contrast to the compatible and transitional blends (6). Absence of blend densification would suggest no synergism in modulus in accordance with the Kleiner argument and in agreement with the experimental results. 

This block copolymer melt flow was improved by adding ethylene ionomer [79]. vs blend ratio was S-shaped, indicating a two-phase system and tensile modulus and yield showed evidence of synergism [206]. 

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