Modeling approaches strength effect

Whereas in the second approach of the size effects it is also assumed that fracture is controlled by defects, the strength is now considered a statistically distributed parameter rather than a physical property characterised by a single value. The statistical distribution of fibre strength is usually described by the Weibull model [22,23]. In this weakest-link model the strength distribution of a series arrangement of units of length L0 is given by... 

In this paper we examine the assumptions of our previous modeling approach and present new model calculations which consider alternative assumptions. In addition, we discuss the physicochemical factors which affect the formation of surface complexes at the oxide/water interface, in particular the effect of decreasing dielectric strength of the solvent. Finally, to demonstrate the general applicability of the model we present modeling results for a complex electrolyte system, where adsorption of a metal-ligand complex must be considered. 

PZC in the model calculations, thus, only qualitative agreement is examined. Such qualitative agreement is only obtained at one ionic strength. For all four data sets the present approach tends to overestimate the ionic strength effect on the C... 

Based on this model, the strength increase under new loading conditions can be predicted. As consolidation progresses, the effective vertical stress increases, resulting in an increased undrained shear strength. This approach is often used in the design of a staged reclamation fill on top of soft clay. 

Fig. 7. Model calculations for the reflectivity (a) and the optical conductivity (b) for a simple (bulk) Drude metal and an effective medium of small metallic spherical particles in a dielectric host within the MG approach. The (bulk) Drude and the metallic particles are defined by the same parameters set the plasma frequency = 2 eV, the scattering rate hr = 0.2 eV. A filling factor/ = 0.5 and a dielectric host-medium represented by a Lorentz harmonic oscillator with mode strength fttOy, 1 = 10 eV, damping ftF] = I eV and resonance frequency h(H = 15 eV were considered for the calculations.

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