Mixing properties

Misch-erz, n. mixed ore. -filbigkelt, /. mixing property, mixability, -farbe, /. mixed color, combination color. 

The mixing in the first five cells is illustrated in Figure 15.16. In the fifth cell, after 50 ms, the reactants are very weU mixed. After the fifth ceU, only the temperature must be controlled to keep the reactants weU mixed [30]. The very good mixing properties were also verified with a mixing-sensitive reaction, that is, the mixing-sensitive diazo coupling between 1-naphthols, 2-Naphthols, and diazotized sulfanilic acid [30]. 

A yield point is necessary to guarantee a homogeneous distribution of fruits in the big containers were fruit preparations are transported. The shear thinning of the preparations is an important aspect for their pumping and mixing properties. 

Frohlich, S., Lotz, M., Korte, T., Lilbbert, A., Schilgerl, K., Seekamp, M., Characterization of a Pilot Plant Airlift Tower Loop Bioreactor II. Evaluation of Global Mixing Properties of the Gas Phase During Yeast Cultivation, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 37 910 (1991a)... 

The implications for films cast from mixtures of enantiomers is that diagrams similar to those obtained for phase changes (i.e., melting point, etc.) versus composition for the bulk surfactant may be obtained if a film property is plotted as a function of composition. In the case of enantiomeric mixtures, these monolayer properties should be symmetric about the racemic mixture, and may help to determine whether the associations in the racemic film are homochiral, heterochiral, or ideal. Monolayers cast from non-enantiomeric chiral surfactant mixtures normally will not exhibit this feature. In addition, a systematic study of binary films cast from a mixture of chiral and achiral surfactants may help to determine the limits for chiral discrimination in monolayers doped with an achiral diluent. However, to our knowledge, there has never been any other systematic investigation of the thermodynamic, rheological and mixing properties of chiral monolayers than those reported below from this laboratory. 

Following the steps for formulation of a CFD model introduced earlier, we begin by determining the set of state variables needed to describe the flow. Because the density is constant and we are only interested in the mixing properties of the flow, we can replace the chemical species and temperature by a single inert scalar field (x, t), known as the mixture fraction (Fox, 2003). If we take = 0 everywhere in the reactor at time t — 0 and set / = 1 in the first inlet stream, then the value of (x, t) tells us what fraction of the fluid located at point x at time t originated at the first inlet stream. If we denote the inlet volumetric flow rates by qi and q2, respectively, for the two inlets, at steady state the volume-average mixture fraction in the reactor will be... 

The formalism shown above is in general easily extended to multi-component systems. All thermodynamic mixing properties may be derived from the integral Gibbs energy of mixing, which in general is expressed as... 

The molar transfer rate coefficient kG (gas side) or kL (liquid side) (m s-1) can be defined as the ratio between the intrinsic molecular diffusivity of the solute gas A in the gas or liquid matrix and the diffusion lengths dG or dL (Eqs. (2) and (3)). The diffusion lengths depend on the reactor flow and mixing properties. 

By using a thermodynamic model based on the formation of self-associates, as proposed by Singh and Sommer (1992), Akinlade and Awe (2006) studied the composition dependence of the bulk and surface properties of some liquid alloys (Tl-Ga at 700°C, Cd-Zn at 627°C). Positive deviations of the mixing properties from ideal solution behaviour were explained and the degree of phase separation was computed both for bulk alloys and for the surface. 

If we consider the seven components in tables 5.12 and 5.13 as representative of the chemistry of natural olivines, it is clear that 21 regular binary interaction parameters (disregarding ternary and higher-order terms) are necessary to describe their mixing properties, through a combinatory approach of the Wohl or Kohler type (cf section 3.10). In reality, the binary joins for which interactions have been sufficiently well characterized are much fewer. They are briefly described below. 

The mixing properties were then solved by minimizing the Gibbs free energy of the mixture with respect to ordering parameter t ... 

Mixing Properties and Subsolidus Phase Relations in the Pyroxene Quadrilateral Mg2Si206-CaMgSi20g-CaFeSi206-Fe2Si20e... 

The parameters of the thermodynamic model of Lindsley et al. (1981) are reported in table 5.38. The mixing properties described are those of a regular mixture for orthopyroxene and of a subregular mixture (asymmetric with Mar-... 

Table 5.40 lists some of the binary interaction parameters that may be used to describe the mixing properties of monoclinic and orthorhombic pyroxenes. Readers are referred to sections 3.8 and 3.9 for the meanings of these parameters. Some of the interaction parameters in table 5.40 are deduced from experimental... 

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