Mixed Rossby-gravity waves

Figure 3.14 Geopotential and wind structure of an equatorial Kelvin wave (upper panel) and mixed Rossby-gravity wave (lower panel).

FIGURE 4 Dispersion diagram for the equatorial -plane (a) inertia-gravity waves and the Kelvin wave, (b) Rossby waves and the mixed Rossby-gravity wave. (Note different scales along the ordinates). The nondimensional frequency is a and the nondimensional zonal wavenumber is /c. Curves are labeled by the index n corresponding to different meridional structures. See text for additional details. 

Vertically propagating Kelvin and mixed Rossby-gravity modes have been identified in the stratosphere the evidence in the troposphere is less clear. Internal oceanic Kelvin waves are considered by many oceanographers to be the piimaiy mechanism for the eastward transport of heat along the equator associated with the significant in-terarmual phenomenon known as the El Nino/Southem oscillation (ENSO), which affects weather and chmate globally. 

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