Mitosomes

J. Tachezy Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes DOI 10.1007/7171 2007 108/Published online 8 December 2007 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007... 

Anaerobic Eukaryotes in Pursuit of Phylogenetic Normality the Evolution of Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes... 

Hydrogenosomes and mitosomes are mitochondria in the evolutionary sense in that they descend from one and the same eubacterial endosymbiont, but... 

In anaerobic eukaryotes that perform all of their ATP synthesis in the cytosol, like Entamoeba or Giardia, both of which have mitosomes (Tovar et al. 1999, 2003 Mai et al. 1999), several of the enzymes otherwise found in mitochondria or hydrogenosomes, for example PFO and [Fe]-HYD (Muller 2003)... 

It has been hypothesized that the process of inventing a protein import machine for mitochondria would have been so intricate and critical that it is unlikely to have occurred more than once (CavaUer-Smith 1987). By extension, similarities found between mitosomal and hydrogenosomal and mitochondrial protein import have been presented as strong support that all these organelles use common components for import, and are therefore one and the same. These observations have prompted a number of experimental and bioinformatics studies to shed light on the constitution and evolution of the protein import machineries of hydrogenosomes and mitosomes. 

Import studies have also been carried out to explore the functional conservation of import pathways between hydrogenosomes and mitochondria (Dyall et al. 2000, 2003), or between hydrogenosomes and mitosomes (Dolezal et al. 2005). 

A high-speed differential centrifugal fraction for Giardia mitosomes has been generated that has been successfully used to reconstitute Fe-S cluster... 

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