Miscellaneous Pumping Methods

Ultrasonic vibration (49 kHz) of a PZT disk adhered to a Si chip through a thin Si diaphragm was used for degassing in a portable dialysis system. When the dissolved 02 in the dialysate is reduced to 6 ppm (from 8 ppm), no 02 gas bubbles will be generated inside the dialyzer during normal operation [404]. 

A ferrofluidic magnetic micropump was constmcted on a Si chip. Operation relies on the use of magnetically actuated plugs of ferroliquid (a suspension of nano-sized ferromagnetic particles), which is immiscible with the pumped fluid [301], 

Additional pumping principles based on magnetohydrodynamics [405 -07] and electrodynamics [408] have also been exploited for microfluidic pumping. 

Various Mathematical Modeling and Stimulation Methods to Study Microfluidic Flow 

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