Mie, Gustav

Mie, Gustav. Beitrage zur Optik trilber Medien, speziell kolloidaler Metallosungen. Annalen der Physik , Vierte Folge, Band 25, 1908, No. 3, S. 377- 445. 

Mie, Gustav Adolf Feodor Wilhelm Ludwig (1868-1957) German physicist. Studied in Rostock and Gottingen Professor in Greifswald (1902), Halle (1917) and Freiburg (1924)... 

Particle Size Laser Refractometiy is based upon Mie scattering of particles in a liquid medium. Up until about 1985, the power of computers supplied with laser diffraction instruments was not sufficient to utilize the rigorous solution for homogeneous spherical particles formulated by Gustave Mie in 1908. Laser particle instrument manufacturers therefore used approximations conceived by Fraunhofer. 

Theoretically, SPR absorption can be estimated by solving Maxwell s equations. Gustav Mie rationalized this for spherical particles in 1908. Nowadays these equations can be solved to predict the corresponding SPR bands for spheres, concentric spherical shells, spheroids and infinite cylinders, and an approximation is required for other geometries. The routine measurement of the SPR absorption of most reported processes of synthesis of Au NPs is, indeed, one of the key points for the characterization of new nanomaterials [183]. 

Gustav Mie was able to solve this equation for. Sj(0) and S2(6) using a rigorous mathematical solution, assuming the scattering objects were spheres.8 To apply Mie s solution to the scattering equation, as most laser diffraction instruments do, the refractive index of the material must be known (both the real and imaginary component) The refractive index is expressed as ... 

When the particle dimensions are not small compared to X, and the particles are not spherical, the theory is much more complicated. Important contributions to the theory have been made by Gustav Mie in 1908, Peter J. W. Debye (1884-1966) in 1947, Bruno H. Zimm in 1948, and Paul Doty in recent years. By applying their equations to the analysis of the intensity of scattering at various angles it is possible to obtain reliable information about the shapes and sizes of macromolecules. 

Following classical EM theory, prior to nineteenth century, individually Gustav Mie and J. C. Maxwell Garnett first showed the theoretical background behind the novel optical property of nanoparticles, that is, SPR, which also depends on the dielectric constant, refractive index, and their individual shape and size. The theories that help modem science to predict the optical property of noble metals are elaborated in the following sections. 

The formal solution for the case of a sphere is available since the beginning of XX century. In 1908 Gustav Mie developed a complete theory of the scattering and absorption of electromagnetic radiation by a sphere, in order to understand the colors of colloidal gold particles in solution [19-21]. According to the Mie theory,... 

Horvath H (2009) Gustav Mie and the scattering and absorption of light by particles historic developments and basics. J Quant Spectros Radial Transfer 110 787-799... 

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