Microwave-assisted hydrodistillation methods

Kosar, M., Ozek, T., Goger, F., Kurkcuoglu, M. and Baser, K.H.C. (2005) Comparison of microwave assisted hydrodistillation and hydrodistillation methods for the analysis of volatile secondary metabolites. Pharmaceutical Biology 43(6), 491-495. 

One of the first methods using microwave-assisted extraction of essential oil was presented in 1989 by Craveiro [44]. The essential oil of Lippia sidoides was extracted using microwave energy and compressed air only. Inspired by classical steam distillation, the CAMD technique used compressed air instead of vapor to extract the volatile oil. Typically, plant material is placed in a reactor inside the microwave cavity and heated. At the same time, a compressor, located outside the cavity, forces compressed air into the reactor. Volatile oil and vapor are then driven to the recovery flask outside the cavity. In 5 min CAMD provides an essential oil which is qualitatively and quantitatively identical with that produced by the conventional hydrodistillation method. 

Kosar, M., T. Ozek, M. Kiirkciioglu, and K.H.C. Baser, 2007. Comparison of microwave assisted hydrodlstil lation and hydrodistillation methods for the fruit essential oils of Foeniculum vulgare. E sserU OU... 

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