Microbacterium lacticum

Rather than using expensive and possibly toxic chemicals, certain bacteria and other microorganisms have the ability to oxidize As(III) in water, wastes, soils, and sediments (Ehrlich, 2002 Santini, Vanden Hoven and Macy, 2002 Anderson et al., 2002). Microbacterium lacticum (Mokashi and Paknikar, 2002) and Alcaligenes faecalis (Anderson et al., 2002) are examples of bacteria that are known to oxidize As(III). Some bacteria use As(III) as a source of energy, whereas others simply oxidize it as a means of detoxifying their environments (Ehrlich, 2002, 313). 

A main component of the linear ferrioxamine group (63). Reverses inhibition by ferrimycin antibiotics (148) and acts as a growth factor for Microbacterium lacticum (101). From Streptomyces pilosus (8). Also produced by species of Nocardia and Micromonospora, and by a number of species of Streptomyces (148). 

However, its a-carboxylate is often amidated or linked to an additional amino acid and in Microbacterium lacticum y-D-Glu is replaced by f/rreo-S-hydroxy-D-glutamic acid (3-Hyg). Most variation is found in position 3. If m-DAP (D,L-configuration) is incorporated, the L center is found in the pentapeptide chain and the D center in the side chain. Positions 4 and 5 (D-Ala-D-Ala) were for a long time thought to be invariant. However, the incidence of bacterial resistance to vancomycin-type glycopeptide antibiotics which recognize specifically the A-acyl-D-Ala-D-Ala terminus led to the discovery that these resistant strains contain altered substituents at position 5 as indicated in Fig. 16b [194,195,196]. 

Chopin, A., Mocquot, G., and Le Graet, Y. Destruction of Microbacterium lacticum, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in milk by spray drying. 11. Effect of drying conditions. Can.. Microbiol., 23, 755,1977. 

Microbacterium lacticum Sugar beet, shoit-lenn dynamics Thompson et al. (1995)... 

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