Micro-plume injection mixing

Micro-plume Injection Mixing Most Relevant Citations 

By feed of a fluid through a nozzle array, which is a plate with many tiny holes, so-called micro-plume injection into a micro channel can be achieved [51, 147]. Typically, the micro channel s floor is perforated in a section in this way and a closed-channel fraction follows for completion of mixing. Large specific interfaces can in principle be achieved depending on the nozzle diameter. This mixing concept benefits from conceptual simplicity and fits well to existing MEMS techniques. Furthermore, it consumes less footprint area and therefore does not create much dead space, which is one of the prime requirements during pTAS developments. 

It stands to reason that plumes are only formed under certain hydrodynamic conditions, e.g. ratios of flow rates of the liquids. Otherwise, simple bi-lamination with comparatively low specific interface may occur. In addition, a flow maldistribution within the array may occur for certain conditions, i.e. most flow passes the first row of nozzles at the expense of the residual holes. So far, there is, to the best of our knowledge, no detailed report on modeling these aspects or an experimental proof where indeed plume fluid structures are visualized only gross characterization of the mixing was given (see below). 

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P 57] A fluorescent dye was injected through the sieve of the micro-plume injection mixer [51]. The changes in fluorescence intensity thereafter in the mixing chamber were monitored by using a fluorescence microscope. 

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