2-methyl-2-propanol viscosity

Dominguez, M., Rodriguez, S., Lopez, M.C., Royo, F.M., and Urieta, J.S. Densities and viscosities ofthe ternary mixtures 1-butanol-t 1-chlorobutane-r l-butylamineand2-methyl-l-propanol-t 1-chlorobutane + 1-buty la mi neat 298.15 K./ Chem. Eng. Data, Al l) 37A2, 1996. 

In order to explain the experimental behavior found of X for PVP in the different mixtures, the polarizability was taken into account because of the methyl groups substituents of the aromatic ring. It is possible to And changes in the nature of the interactions between the polar solute, 2 - propanol, and the aromatic component in the binary mixtures and that these changes affect the X values. The importance of dipole - induced dipole interactions and steric factors in the formation of a molecular complex between a polar component and a non - polar aromatic solvent has been emphasized on the basis of NMR studies [111, 112], The molecular interactions in binary liquid mixtures have also been studied on the basis of viscosity measurements. The viscosity data have also been used by Yadava et al. [113,114] to obtain a value for the interchange energy (Wvisc) [115] This parameter can be estimated by the equation ... 

Catalytic supercritical water oxidation is an important class of solid-catalyzed reaction that utilizes advantageous solution properties of supercritical water (dielectric constant, electrolytic conductance, dissociation constant, hydrogen bonding) as well as the superior transport properties of the supercritical medium (viscosity, heat capacity, diffusion coefficient, and density). The most commonly encountered oxidation reaction carried out in supercritical water is the oxidation of alcohols, acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, benzoic acid, butanol, chlorophenol, dichlorobenzene, phenol, 2-propanol (catalyzed by metal oxide catalysts such as CuO/ZnO, Ti02, MnOz, KMn04, V2O5, and Cr203), 2,4-dichlorophenol, methyl ethyl ketone, and pyridine (catalyzed by supported noble metal catalysts such as supported platinum). ... 

Direct conclusions have been drawn from the viscosities of alcohols in different solvents by Huyskens (9), who infers from the greater viscosity of 2-methyl-2-propanol at 25°C. than the other butanols that cyclic multimers having a greater resistance to flow than linear multimers are present in greater proportions in the tertiary alcohol. 

Here Y denotes a general bulk property, Tw that of pure water and Ys that of the pure co-solvent, and the y, are listed coefficients, generally up to i=3 being required. Annotated data are provided in (Marcus 2002) for the viscosity rj, relative permittivity r, refractive index (at the sodium D-line) d. excess molar Gibbs energy G, excess molar enthalpy excess molar isobaric heat capacity Cp, excess molar volume V, isobaric expansibility ap, adiabatic compressibility ks, and surface tension Y of aqueous mixtures with many co-solvents. These include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol (tert-butanol), 1,2-ethanediol, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, pyridine, acetone, acetonitrile, N, N-dimethylformamide, and dimethylsulfoxide and a few others. 

With an intention to decrease viscosity and to improve hydrodynamic properties (reduction of emulsion-forming tendency) tertiaiy amines are mixed with suitable (also to avoid third phase formation) diluent Tri-n-octalylamine, trilauiylamine, trioctyl metltyl ammonium chloride and commercial products such as Alamine 336, Hostarex A 324 and Aliquat 336 (mixture of cpiatemaiy amines) received the most attention. From various, with relatively low solubility in water polar and non-polar diluents methyl isobutyl ketone, 1-propanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, decanol, isodeca-nol, hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylenes, chloroform and methylene chloride should be mentioned. 

Figure 43. Pure CO2/CH4 permeation ratios as a function of intrinsic viscosities of nonsolvent additives. Legend (1) 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (2) 1-octanol (3) 2-propanol (4) 2-decanol (5) 3,5,5-trimethyl-1-hexanol (6) 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanol (7) 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentanol (10) 2-methyl-3-hexanol m merged d discrete...

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