Method of manufactured solutions

A proper model validation procedure consists of a model verification part and a part where the model predictions are compared to experimental data [61]. The model verification may be performed by the method of manufactured solutions[14 7, 163]. The method of manufactured solutions consists in proposing an analytical solution, preferably one that is infinitely differentiable and not trivially reproduced by the numerical approximation, and the produced residuals are simply treated as source terms that produce the desired or prescribed solution. These source terms or residuals are referred to as the consistent forcing functions. This method can be used to confirm that there are no programming errors in the code and to monitor the truncation error behavior during the iteration process. 

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