Methanol intoxication and

The human toxicology of methanol has been studied [6,71,72]. The skin absorption rate has been reported to be 0.19 m cm2/min [73]. Methanol vapor uptake by the lungs is effective, usually 7080% (74). In the liver, methanol goes through oxidation metabolism catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase (an enzyme), producing toxic formaldehyde and formic acid. The accumulation of formic acid leads to acidosis, dama g the nervous system, particularly the optic nerves, and the retina. In the copresence of ethanol, ethanol is selectively metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase over methanol this delays methanol intoxication and allows detoxication by the natural elimination of methanol via respiration and urination. The methanol elimination half-life is about 23 h [6]. Because of the slow elimination, methanol can be re rded as a cumulative poison [68]. Chronic oq)osure may result in sufficient methanol accumulation in the body, and illness. 

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See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , ]

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