Metal films degassing

The method in brief is to suspend a thin sheet of metal or solid from the beam of a very sensitive, quartz beam microbalance operating in an all glass or ceramic ware vacuum system. The weight change of the specimen is followed continuously as various operations are performed upon it. When applied to the oxidation of metals these operations include evacuation to pressures of 10 6 mm. Hg or lower, degassing, preliminary reduction of the initial oxide film with pure hydrogen, and oxidation of the metal specimen under widely varying conditions of temperature and pressure. 

Introduction of the desired metal complex into the polymer film was accomplished by performing electrochemistry in an 0.2 M TBAH/CH2CI2 electrolyte solution which was 5 nM in complex. Solutions of the osmium and rhenium phosphines were protected from light due to their photolytic instability. All solutions were degassed using a stream of Cl C -saturated nitrogen. An N2 blanket was maintained during the course of the experiment to prevent subsequent aeration. 

Thermoset based composite laminates are generally produced bj Autoclave/Vacuum Degassing Lamination Process (38, 39). The characteristics of this inocess are shown in Fig. IS. In this process, pr eg plies of desired shape are laid up in a prescribed orientation to form a laminate. The laminate is covered with successive layers of an absorbent material (glass bleeder fabric), a fluminated film to prevent sticking, and, finally, with a vacuum bag. The mitire system is placed upon a smooth metal tool surface into an autoclave, vacuum is a Ued to the bag and the temperature is increased at a constant rate in order to promote the resin flow and polymerization. The autoclave process will be used along this section as a case study to describe the influence of the matrix characteristics on the processing behavior of hi performance conqmsites. 

Surface cleaning grease and film removal Emulsifying homogenizing production of dispersions Degassing of liquids and molten metals (grain refinement)... 

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