Metal cation indicator

Calcium hydride has also been used as the base[2,3]. A comparison of the effect of metal cations indicated that yields increase in the order < Na < Li and a procedure in which -BuLi serves as the base has been developed [4]. 

Note the similarity between Uqualion 23-13 and liquations 23-2 and 23-4 for metallic cation indicator electrodes. It is important to emphasi/.c that although Lquations 23-2 and 23-4 are similar in form to [Equation 23-13, the sources of the potential of the electrodes that they describe are totally different — one is a redox potential, and the other is a boundary potential. 

Linde type L zeolite (cf. [235]) diagonal matrix of atomic masses metal or metal cation indicates a metal of sort 1, e.g., Na indicates a metal of sort 2, e.g., Ca cation mass (cf., e.g., Eq. (24))... 

The specific features of complexing betweai crown polyesters and metal cations indicate the impossibility of using such ccnnpkxes for a directed synthesis of poly-rotaxanes. Only their statistical synthesis with the use of free macrocyclic polycthers is feasible... 

Incidentally, we notice that one of the phenol functions is by far easier to ionize than the other, as indicated by the pK values. Eriochrome black T is an example of a metal indicator that exhibits properties of both a neutralization indicator and a metal cation indicator. 

Complexometry III Metal Cation Indicators and Types of EDTA Titrations... 

To shift this reaction as far to the right as possible, the hydrogen ions produced must be removed from the equilibrium (law of mass action). This can be done with a suitable pH buffer system (acetate, hydrogen phosphate, citrate, etc.). Unfortunately, these added buffer systems sometimes also form weak complexes with the metal ion to be measured. This can easily be confirmed with the corresponding metal cation-, indicating ion-selective electrode. In this case the electrode potential in the pH buffer system-metal ion solution will be more negative than that in a pure metal ion solution of the same concentration. 

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