Metal Analysis of Organic Compounds Using ICP-OES-FIA

The accuracy and precision obtainable by ICP-OES-FIA depends largely on the way the sample is introduced into the plasma. One of the most attractive aspects of introducing the sample as a liquid lies in its relative simplicity, good reproducibility and speed of analysis. For routine measurements FI A offers an alternative method of sample introduction to direct nebulisation. The dissolved sample is injected as a plug into either a segmented or non-segmented stream of a carrier liquid and transported to the plasma. The nebulisation efficiency in ICP-OES is lower by a factor of one-fifth compared with A AS. 

In using atomic spectroscopy analysis the sample introduction is an extension to sample preparation. To understand the limitations of practical sample introduction systems it is necessary to reverse the train of thought, which tends to flow in the direction of sample solution nebulisation spray chamber excitation atomisation. An introduction procedure must be selected that will result in a rapid breakdown of species in the atomiser to give reproducible results irrespective of the sample matrix. In designing an FI A system to carry out atomic emission and to generate efficient free atom production for excitation the following criteria must be adhered to as closely as possible  

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