Meso 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid toxicity

BAL is the standard treatment for poisoning by arsenic compounds and will alleviate some effects from exposure to arsenic vesicants. It may also decrease the severity of skin and eye lesions if applied topically within minutes after decontamination is complete (i.e., within 2-5 minutes postexposure). Additional chelating agents for the treatment of systemic arsenic toxicity include meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and 2,3-dimercapto-l-propanesulfonic acid (DMPS). 

There does not appear to be an antidote of choice for bismuth toxicity in humans. Gastric lavage can be used within 1 h of exposure. Replace fluids and electrolytes. Monitor renal and liver function for several days and treat failure conventionally. The newer chelating agents, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid and D,L-2,3-dimercapto-propane-l-sufonic acid, are being investigated experimentally as antidotes for bismuth toxicity, and the latter has been shown to be effective. In mice, D-penicillamine has proven effective. 

Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) is knovm to be effective in decreasing body burden and brain content of Hg in experimental animeds. This compound has also been found to be much less toxic than agents such as BAL (British anti-Lewisite) or penicillamine. 

Antidotal effects of 2,3-dimercaptopropane-l-sulfonic (DMPS) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic (DMSA) acids on the toxicity of dibutyltin dichloride in rats were... 

---