Membrane contactors membranes fabrication techniques

Among the various advantage of this hybrid configuration (e.g., the rates of alcohol production are satisfactory the retention of catalyst and separation of product from the reaction mixture are important for industrial-scale operation the carbon membranes used for the contactor are robust and are unaffected by the presence of a strong acid, such as phosphoric acid catalyst), also must be added that the membrane preparation and fabrication techniques can be optimized for reducing the mass-transfer resistance in the liquid-filled pores and consequently increase the yield of desired product. 

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