Margin calls, meeting

It was pointed out in the introduction to this chapter that an experimental criterion for metallicity is the observation of a positive temperature coefficient to the electrical resistivity. The so-called bad or marginal metals are those that meet this criterion, but in which the value for the resistivity is relatively high (p > 10 flcm). Many transition metal oxides behave in this manner, while others (e.g. ReOs and RuOa) have very low electrical resistivities, similar in scale to those of conventional metals (p < 10 " O cm). Consider the Ruddlesden-Popper mthenates. Both strong Ru 4d-0 2p hybridization and weaker intrasite correlation effects compared to the 3d transition metals are... 

The plan calls for a sales price of 100 with an attractive gross margin before distribution costs of 40. Distribution costs add 10 per unit to the cost. It is likely that the supply chain manager is measured on whether the costs of distribution meet the 10 expectation. The first year sales forecast calls for 100,000 units, producing expected revenues of 10 million. However, this is an innovative product, so actual demand is uncertain. Demand, in the case of the widget, may in fact be significantly more or less than the forecast of 100,000 units. 

Off-spec—(sometimes also called wide-spec) a resin that does not meet all of the published specifications. The deviation from the specification may be very small, and it may be in only one property, or the resin could miss a number of specifications by a wide margin (Figure 3.17). 

---