Manometer inverted

The inverted differential U tube, in which the manometric fluid may be a gas or a hght liquid, can be used to measure hquid pressure differentials, especially for the flow of slurries where solids tend to settle out. Additional details on the use of this manometer can be obtained from Doolittle (op. cit., p. 18). 

Pressure in a gas ceU is measured with an inverted manometer, as shown in Fig. PI. 92. The scale on the for right-hand side of the figure shows the distances in mm (not to scale) of the interfeces of the liquids in the manometer. What is the pressure... 

The micromanipulation system has been described in detail [12,30,70,71]. Briefly, it is centered around an inverted microscope that has the capaeity for up to four micromanipulators to be mounted directly on the microscope stage plate. Control over micropipet suction pressure is in the range of microatmospheres to tenths of atmospheres (0.1Nm to lOOOOONm" ) and is achieved by a water-filled manometer (Figure 9.6) equipped with a sensitive micrometer-driven displacement and coarser syringe control positive and negative pressures are recorded by in-line pressure transducers (Validyne, Northridge, CA). 

Fig. 1 Ensemble-averaged original signals (ECG, Plv, Pao, AZ) and the calculated (dPLv/dt, d PAc/dP, d Z/dP) signals. The pressure in the LV and aorta was recorded with the same catheter-tip manometer during different cardiac cycles with similar durations. For convenient presentation of the related blood volume changes, AZ curves and their derivatives, are inverted, i.e., the positive deflections of the curves correspond to the decrease in impedance.

A differential manometer is used to measure the pressure of a process fluid and measures the difference in pressure between two points in a process, such as the pressure drop across a heat exchanger. An Inverted manometer is essentially an inverted differential manometer in which the process fluid is used to measure its own pressure. A head of trapped gas (usually air) is used in the device. 

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