Manganese ammonium molybdate

The tetrasulfo-Pc complexes of a number of metals are made by the urea melt process by heating the powdered metal, or its acetate, with triammonium-4-sulfophthalate, urea, boric acid, and ammonium molybdate. The metals or metal compounds used are those of chromium (III), manganese(II), iron(II), iron(III), cobalt(II), and zinc(II). Selected synthetic examples of sulfo- and other derivatives of metal phthalocyanines are presented below. 

Industrially, terephthalic acid is produced by the cobalt(III) acetate, manganese(III) acetate, or ammonium molybdate-catalyzed air oxidation of />-xylene in acetic acid. Sodium bromide reduces the induction period and increases the rate of conversion to terephthalic acid. p-Xylene is initially oxidized to p-methylbenzyl hydroperoxide, and further oxidation gives p-methylbenzaldehyde and p-methylbenzoic acid ... 

W.M Shaheen, M. M. Selim. Thermal decompositions of pure and mixed manganese carbonate and ammonium molybdate therahydrate Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 59,(3),(2000), 961-970. 

One of the methods of preparing metal quinoxalinoporphinazines involves the thermolysis of quinoxaline 65a with dry manganese and chromium chlorides at 220 °C, which leads to 129 (R = R = R = R = H, X = Mn, CrCl) in 80-84% yields (1997RUP2074188,1996RUP2052464). Similarly, heating quinoxaline 65j with the acetates of zinc, cobalt, or copper at 220° C without any solvent, but in the presence of ammonium molybdate as a catalyst resulted in corresponding metal complexes of the macrocycles 129 (R = R = R = H, R = f-Bu, X = Zn, Co, Cu) in 57-74% yields (2008ZOB1214). 

Some chemicals that are reported to stimulate glowing are chromates, molybdates, halides of chromium, manganese, cobalt and copper, and ferric and stannic oxides (.5,10) Chemicals found to be ineffective in retarding afterglow in a limited study were ammonium sulfate and sodium borates (10). ... 

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