Mandelic acid chemical structure

Textual names have the advantage of being machine-readable, but many chemical compound names are derived in the absence of structural information. Common or trivial names were frequently given to compounds based on their properties or methods of extraction (because their structural information was originally an unknown). For example, mandelic acid was extracted from bitter almonds, and its name is derived from Mandel, the German word for almond (Merck 1989). 

Figure 25 Multicomponent crystals for enantiomeric resolution, (a) Generic chemical structures for 3-(ammoniomethyl)-5-methylhexanoate (upper structure) and (5)-mandelic acid and (b) supramolecular layo- in the ac plane comprising alternating rows of 3-(ammoniomethyl)-5-methylhexanoate and (5)-mandelic acid.

They were neutralised with quinine, nicotine, tartaric acid, mandelic acid or (+)-camphor-sulfonic acid. Naturally the optical rotation is changed by the salt formation, but it turns out that the optical rotation of a polymer salt (measured in DMF or methanol) does not depend only on the chemical structure, but also on the tacticity. For example, the optical rotation of the quinine salt of isotactic polystyrenesulfonic acid is considerably more negative than that of the atactic polymer. The tartrates of isotactic poly-2-vinylpyridine are more strongly dextrorotatory than the atactic ones. The optical rotation of the nicotine salts of isotactic and atactic polymethacrylic acid also differs greatly [83]. Finally, mention should be made of complex formation between polymers and chiral shift reagents. Since however the NMR signals and not the CD are investigated in such reactions, they are outside the scope of this report. 

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