Malnutrition classification

A pressure sore is also called a decubitus ulcer and bed sore. A classification system for pressure sores is presented in Table 47-5. Many factors are thought to predispose patients to the formation of pressure ulcers paralysis, paresis, immobilization, malnutrition, anemia, infection, and advanced age. Four factors thought to be most critical to their formation are pressure, shearing forces, friction, and moisture however, there is still debate as to the exact pathophysiology of pressure sore formation. The areas of highest pressure are generated over the bony prominences. 

Marasmus is a term used for severe protein-energy malnutrition in children where the patient s weight is compared with an age-matched reference weight Classifications vary but normal nutrition is 90-110% of reference wdght. Mild malnutrition is 75-90% and severe malnutrition (marasmus) is less than 60% of reference weight matched for age. 

Table 8.1 Classification of protein-energy malnutrition by body mass index...

Table 8.2 Classification of protein—energy malnutrition in children...

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