Magnetic field, Earth residual

For a typical residual magnetic field of ca 1 Gauss (if, for example, the Earth s magnetic field is not compensated for), the corresponding cyclotron frequency co, of the ions is ca 2n x 100 Hz. Hence, with (oJ2n being typically of the order of 100 kHz, the relative change in frequency is only of the order of 10" . A similar result can be found for co+. ... 

The satellite is constantly under the effect of several external forces, being the most relevant the Earth s magnetic field, but also the drag of the residual atmosphere, the solar radiation pressure and the gravity gradient. As a result, the ADCS has to be executed periodically. 

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