Magnetic cooling

Figure A2.1.11. Magnetic cooling isothemial magnetization at 4 K followed by adiabatic demagnetization to 0.04 K. (Constructed for a hypothetical magnetic substance with two magnetic states with an energy...

The Electrical A nalogue of Magnetic Cooling. Three Processes bg Which Ions Are Introduced into Solution.. 1 Polar Dielectric in an Electrostatic Field. The Concepts of Faraday and Maxwell. The Electrostatic Energy in the Fields of Ions. The. Charging of a Condenser. The Amount of Free Energy Lost, by a Dielectric. The Behavior of Solvents in an Electrostatic Field. A Dielectric in the Field of a Charged Sphere. Two Types of Process Contrasted. 

Flexible superconducting tapes provide promise of uses for superconductors in motors, generators, and even electric transmission lines. Meanwhile, superconducting magnets cooled to the temperature of liquid helium already are in use. High-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrometers have become standard instruments in chemical research laboratories, and the same type of machine (called an MRI spectrometer) is used for medical diagnosis in hospitals worldwide. 

R.P. Hudson Principles and Application of Magnetic Cooling, North-Holland, Amsterdam (1972)... 

Whether to use the balanced sequences or not thus becomes a matter of compromise. When magnet cooling is sufficiently efficient, all the used fields are far from their maxima (keep in mind that heat dissipation on the magnet... 

The systems can function effectively in very wide operating temperature ranges and can be used where conventional batteries and fuel cells cannot function. As an example, a system can power a resistance heater to keep its own immediate environment continuously warm. It can also power electrostatic or magnetic cooling devices to keep the unit and its immediate environment cool in higher-temperature environments. 

Photo of a modem 300-MHz NMR spectrometer. The metal container at right contains the superconducting magnet, cooled by a liquid helium bath inside a liquid nitrogen bath. The electronics used to control the spectrometer and to calculate spectra are at left and in the background. 

Fig. 30. Demagnetization curves of sintered SmCo5 magnets cooled from the annealing temperature at different rates. (After Paladino et al. 1975.)...

Figure A2.1.11. Magnetic cooling isothermal magnetization at 4 K followed by adiabatic demagnetization to...

The lanthanide vanadates 339 7. Magnetic cooling and nuclear orienta- ... 

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