Magnetic-based particles biomedical applications

BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC-BASED PARTICLES 14.3.1 Magnetic Nanoparticles in MRI is vivo Diagnostic)... 

A plethora of different nanosized particles have been adopted for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, including inorganic and organic nanoparticles (NPs). The most commonly adopted inorganic NPs include magnetic particles (mainly for imaging), silica particles, metal oxides, carbides, borates, sulfides, hydroxides, and salts (eg, calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate). Organic NPs include oil-in-water (0/W) emulsions, double emulsions [water-in-oil-in-water (W/OAV)], and polymer-based NPs. Different polymer-based nanosystems are adopted and include polymer micelles, dendrimers, polymerosomes, and polymeric NPs. 

The motion of electrically charged particles or molecules in a stationary medium under the influence of an electric field is called electrophoresis. In such transport the electric force is applied through a potential difference between electrodes. Selective use of the Lorentz force by applying a magnetic field can also induce such movement. Electrophoresis and electroosmosis are two key modalities of electrokinetic transport which are very useful in micro- and nanofluidics for a variety of applications including biomedical (bio-NEMS, etc ), fuel cell and micro total analysis systems ( x-TASs). In electroosmosis the bulk fluid moves due to the existence of a charged double layer at the solid-liquid interface. While onedimensional electrophoresis is more commonly used, two-dimensional electrophoresis may also become a useful tool for the separation of gel proteins based on isoelectric property. 

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