Lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals

What is the discotics for the thermotropic liquid crystals that is the lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLCs) for the lyotropic materials. LCLC molecules are plank-like rather than rod-like, rigid rather than flexible, aromatic rather than aliphatic. Typical LCLC molecules and their aggregation in... 

C.J. Woolverton, G.D. Niehaus, K.J. Doane, O. Lavrentovich, S.R Schmidt, S.A. Signs, Detection of ligands with signal amplification, U.S. Patent 6,171,802 (February 2001) O.D. Lavrentovich and T. Ishikawa, Bulk alignment of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals, U.S. Patent 6,411,354 (June 25, 2002). 

Lavretovich, O. D. Schneider, T. Golovin, A. B. Lee, J. C. A design and fabrication of an aligned lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal films with improved optical properties and aUgmnent uniformity. U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. US 2006040069, 2006 Chem. Abstr. 2006,144, 243534. 

Schneider T, Artyushkova K, Fulghum JE, Broadwater L, Smith A, Lavrentovich OD. Oriented monolayers prepared from lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal. Langmuir... 

Chromonic liquid crystals are a special class of lyotropic liquid crystals. Flat aromatic systems with polar substituents form columnar aggregates by n-n interactions in solution. The mesophases of concentrated DNA solutions or of copper-tetracarboxyphthalocyanine are examples for this. Special types of chiral mesophases have been observed [29]. 

Matsunaga D, Tamaki T, Ichimura K. 2003. Azo pendant polyamides which have the potential to photoalign chromonic lyotropic liquid crystals. J Mater Chem 13 1558 1564. 

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