Luteinizing hormone actions

Chorionic gonadotropin (CG) is produced in the placenta. Together- with the pituitary hormones, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), it constitutes the glycoprotein family of gonadotropins. The actions of CG are mediated by the LH receptor, both belonging to the superfamily of G-protein Coupled Receptors. 

Coen, C. W., Coombs, M. C., Wilson, P. M. Clement, E. M. 8r MacKinnon, P. C. (1983). Possible resolution of a paradox concerning the use of p-chlorophenylalanine and 5-hydroxytryptophan evidence for a mode of action involving adrenaline in manipulating the surge of luteinizing hormone in rats. Neuroscience 8, 583-91. 

Pinilla L, Gonzalez LC, Tena-Sempere M, Aguilar E (2001) Evidence for an estrogenlike action of raloxifene upon the hypothalamic-pituitary unit raloxifene inhibits luteinizing hormone secretion and stimulates prolactin secretion in ovariectomized female rats. Neurosci Lett 311 149-152... 

Weisner JB, Koeng JI, Krulich L, Moss RL (1984) Site of action for -endorphin-induced changes in plasma luteinizing hormone and prolactin in the ovariectomized rat. Life Sci 34 1463-1473... 

Yin P, Kawashima K, Arita J (2002) Direct actions of estradiol on the anterior pituitary gland are required for hypothalamus-dependentlactotrope proliferation and secretory surges of luteinizing hormone but not of prolactin in female rats. Neuroendocrinology... 

Indrapichate, K., Meehan, D., Lane, T. A., et al. (1992) Biological actions of monoclonal luteinizing hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin receptor antibodies. Biol. Reprod. 46, 265-278. 

FIGURE 8.4 The Bronson model of priming pheromone actions in rodents. Chemical signaling between males and females constitutes a feedback mechanism that results in accelerated maturation and reproduction. This, in turn, permits the mice to adjust their reproduction and population size quickly to respond to environmental conditions such as sudden food abundance at harvest time. FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone LH, luteinizing hormone PRL, prolactin. Stimulation and inhibition are marked by - - and —, respectively. (From Bronson and Coquelin, 1980.)... 

All antipsychotics except clozapine and perhaps olanzapine produce hyperprolactinemia by removing the inhibitory actions of dopamine on prolactin secretion. This results in amenorrhea, galactorrhea, and infertility in women and in loss of libido and impotence in men. Inhibition of the release of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormones may also play a role. In addition, weight gain is common, and food intake must be monitored. 

Mechanism of Action A testosterone derivative that suppresses the pituitary-ovarian axis by inhibiting the output of pituitary gonadotropins. Causes atrophy of both normal and ectopic endometrial tissue in endometriosis. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) are depressed in fibrocystic breast disease. Inhibits steroid synthesis and binding of steroids to their receptors in breast tissues. Increases serum levels of esterase inhibitor. Therapeutic Effect Produces anovulation and amenorrhea, reduces the production of est rogen, corrects biochemical deficiency as seen in hereditary angioedema. 

Mechanism of Action A hormone and antineoplastic agent that suppresses the release of luteinizing hormone from the anterior pituitary gland by inhibiting pituitary function. Therapeutic Effect Shrinks tumors. Also increases appetite by an unknown mechanism. 

Allan CM, Garcia A, Spaliviero J, et al. Complete Sertoli cell proliferation induced by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) independently of luteinizing hormone activity evidence from genetic models of isolated FSH action. Endocrinology. 2004 145 1587-1593. 

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